Admiral John Herbert Brown was the founder of the Submarine Lifeguard League, formed in early 1943 until August 1945. In doing so, a total of 518 Airmen were rescued from a watery grave or certain capture by the enemy. Statistics document that during the Lifeguard League's period of operation, eighty-eight American submarines made one hundred and four war patrols during which air-sea rescue operations resulting in the recovery of aviation personnel were conducted. A total of five hundred and twenty-one aviators were rescued: two hundred and forty-one from the U. S. Navy, two hundred and fifty-nine from the U. S. Army Air Forces, five from the U. S. Marine Corps, and sixteen from the Royal Navy.